Models of inducedgravity inflation are formulated within supergravity employing as inflaton the higgs field which leads to a spontaneous breaking of a u1bl symmetry at mgut2x1016 gev. The energy density is zero if t, so this condition corresponds to the ordinary vacuum of empty space. A supercollider is being built in europe which may produce dark matter and. On the equivalence between starobinsky and higgs inflationary. At planck scale, the quantum gravity e ect is likely to introduce extra terms which are suppressed by the planck mass and then irrelevant in the low energy scale, while for a superplanckian eld, the. The claim, then, is that one can achieve a super planckian displacement from subplanckian decay constants. Whereas earlier treatments of postinflation reheating modeled the inflaton as a collection of independent. Super symmetry breaking 1073 tonscm3 1028 gut transition 1 ps 1010 1060 1020 1.
Following the inflationary period, the universe continued to expand, but at. A compelling possibility is the higgsinflation scenario 48,49, in which the sm higgs is responsible for inflation, thanks to. In this context it is usually called the true vacuum. This allows inflation to continue forever, to produce futureeternal inflation. Axion inflation and the lattice weak gravity conjecture.
And gravity repulses this substance, accelerating its growth because the negative pressure causes negative gravity. Einstein gravity is not power counting renormalizable. Axion inflation and the lattice weak gravity conjecture tom rudelius ias. Inflation from a susy axion model masahiro kawasaki icrr, univ of tokyo.
Inflation generates gravity waves tensor fluctuations, with. We investigate a superrenormalizable and ghostfree theory of gravity, showing that under a natural exponential ansatz of the form factor and a suitable truncation it can give rise to the starobinsky inflationary theory in cosmological frameworks, and thus offering a theoretical justification of its origin. Field ranges but there is another interesting superplanckian issue if hm few107, the value of the in. If you mean the mass and distance are fixed, how the parameter g, gravitat. Enhancement of the axion decay constant in inflation and the. Inducedgravity gutscale higgs inflation in supergravity. Max describes the inflation period as containing a nondiluting, inflating substance, where the energy used to inflate it causes its mass to increase through extreme negative pressure. R 2 supergravity lead to starobinskys potential, in a onefield setting for inflationary cosmology that appears favored by planck data. We investigate a super renormalizable and ghostfree theory of gravity, showing that under a natural exponential ansatz of the form factor and a suitable truncation it can give rise to the starobinsky inflationary theory in cosmological frameworks, and thus offering a theoretical justification of its origin. Always the resulting decay rate of inflatons into bosons and fermions are mentioned without derivation in. The coherent enhancement mechanism allows one to reduce an inflation model with an arbitrary potential to an effective model of natural inflation, i. If the plateau of the energy density diagram is flat enough, it can take a very long time, by early universe standards, for the. Vagnozzi 0 1 3 4 0 nordita, kth royal institute of technology and stockholm university, roslagstullsbacken 23, 106 91 stockholm, sweden 1 niels bohr international academy and discovery center, niels bohr institute, university of copenhagen, blegdamsvej 17, 2100 copenhagen o.
Always the resulting decay rate of inflatons into bosons and fermions are mentioned without derivation in literature perhaps its assumed to be very simple. T h e oscillating inflationary universe an d gravitational confinem ent a p p en d ix 2. Metric preheating and limitations of linearized gravity. In this case, a more complicated mass density spectrum. In the framework of gut inflation driven by a gauge singlet scalar field, one finds that for n s. The equation about universal gravity is as follows. We study the corresponding inflationary evolution and we examine the. There is a curious similarity between this conception of the mechanics of inflation and the notion of a rebound at the end of a cosmic life cycle or big crunch in a closed, cyclic universe. Masslessmassless scalar field will see inflation on an average, if scalar field will see inflation on an average, if. Primordial monopoles, proton decay, gravity waves and gut.
In this brief report we calculate the range of energy scales during nonsusy gut inflation such that n s and r are compatible with the planck 2015 constraints. The same as the r2 inflation, the background trajectory of this model can provide sufficient inflationary efolds and a graceful exit to a radiation dominated phase. There are many inflationary models in string theory, including an interesting realization of the chaotic inflation scenario silverstein, westphal and mcallister, 0803. Without loss of generality, take the decay constants g ito be given by g 1. Starobinsky inflation and higgs inflation in gravity, and their equivalence based on the common inflationary potential are extended to supergravity in the proper framework, where the starobinsky. Recent study of the reheating era that follows inflation has highlighted a wide array of interesting new physical processes and phenomena.
The m in the equation means the mass of the two objects and r represents the distance between the center of mass. First, the model predicts that as the universe expands, galaxies recede from one another with a velocity proportional to the distance between them. At planck scale, the quantum gravity e ect is likely to introduce extra terms which are suppressed by the planck mass and then irrelevant in the low energy scale, while for a super planckian eld, the. Inflation correspond to an epoch in which the comoving hubble radius decreases. Research article helical phase inflation and monodromy in.
Energy density remains same inflation over many inflation over many manymany cyclescycles 1. After inflation, preheating is supposed as the mechanism which is responsible for restoring hot big bang. T h e in flation ary u n iverse stanford university. Metric preheating and limitations of linearized gravity bruce a. Hubbleexit features in potential super hubble evolution selfinteractions+gravity local end of inflation tachyonic instability local preheating modulated preheating local after inflation curvaton decay local radiation + matter + lastscattering primary anisotropies local+equilateral. These new features all stem from nonperturbative, nonequilibrium effects in the inflatons decay. The weak gravity conjecture, if valid, rules out simple models of natural inflation by restricting their axion decay constant to be subplanckian. The reason we need inflation is that had the universe expanded slowly at say sub light speeds then we would expect various areas of it to be uneven. T h e inflationary universe scenario an d q u an tu m cosm ology 1 4. The super era of subatomic particle physics jay hauser abstract. Sep 23, 2015 in this work, we will analyze \fr,\phi \inflation by working through some simple examples based on modified gravity models which mimic the false vacuum of the primordial universe.
Preheating cosmological fluctuations theory of inflation. The inflationary paradigm was first introduced in 1981 by guth and sato 6, 7 to explain the thermalization of the observable universe inferred from observations of the cmb. For superstring theory to be consistent, supersymmetry seems to be required at some level although it may be a strongly broken symmetry. Scaleinvariant cosmological perturbations from hoava. Dark energy or massive neutrinos lead to potential decay. Inflation in \fr,\phi \ theories and mimetic gravity. Gravity t 100,000 years matter perturbations grow into nonlinear structures. We revisit stringy attempts to realise natural inflation, with a single open string axionic inflaton from dbranes in a warped throat. When a miniuniverse inflates and selfreproduces into, say, twenty causallydisconnected miniuniverses of. The state in which the scalar field is near 0, at the top of the plateau, is called the false vacuum. However, this is an ambiguous statement as we will now see, it is highly sensitive to the choice of basis, which should have no e ect on the physics. In any u 1 gauge theory that admits a uv completion with gravity, there must exist a state of charge q, mass m, such that q m q m extremal arkanihamed, motl, nicolis, vafa, 06.
Decay of inflaton and preheating after inflation movie felder, lk. Inflation and large scale structure horizon probleminflation. In physical cosmology, cosmic inflation, cosmological inflation, or just inflation, is a theory of exponential expansion of space in the early universe. The higgs boson couples to gravity through a conformal factor that. The bigbang model leads to three important, experimentally testable predictions.
Enhancement of the axion decay constant in inflation and. In some respects, a world without superstring theory isnt so bad. A compelling possibility is the higgsinflation scenario 48,49, in which the sm higgs is responsible for inflation, thanks to a large nonminimal coupling to gravity. A type of spacetime symmetry, supersymmetry is a possible candidate for undiscovered particle physics, and seen by some physicists as an elegant solution to many current problems in. As a simplified example, suppose that during inflation, the natural decay rate of the inflaton field is slow compared to the effect of quantum fluctuation. Supernatural inflation hybrid inflation sugra inflation susy fterm inflation susy dterm inflation susy pterm. Therefore, an observation of primordial gravitational waves with would indicate a scale of inflation of order the gut scale and the inflaton field range to be superplanckian. Particle physics has now moved into the super era, in which supersymmetry, supergravity, and superstring theories will be investigated by supercolliders. This initial singularity is, however, not physical since general relativity fails for t. If bicep2 measured primordial gravity waves, the tensorscalar power ratio r. Over the past years, interest in inflationary cosmology has grown considerably, as a consequence of the great amount of data from recent cosmological surveys 14. The uv completion of more general f r gravity models can provide a unifying picture of dark matter, dark energy and inflation.
The claim, then, is that one can achieve a superplanckian displacement from subplanckian decay constants. Supersymmetry is part of superstring theory, a string theory of quantum gravity, although it could in theory be a component of other quantum gravity theories as well, such as loop quantum gravity. In particle physics, supersymmetry susy is a conjectured relationship between two basic classes of elementary particles. Saxion decay ksvz axion model in general, decay into two axions is dominant but it is suppressed when we assume then the saxion decays into two gluons with decay rate dfsz axion model the saxion decays into higgses with decay rate a. In this letter we discuss another interesting aspect of this model, related to gravitino production, with emphasis on the corresponding mass spectrum. It is not a fundamental theory if we include supersymmetry in a theory of gravity. The mass and energy in our universe came from the decay of dark energy driving inflation. This repulsive gravity drives the expansion of space restoring the true vacuum during the brief period of inflation which initiates the universe.
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